GLASS

 

"Vitrification locks dangerous materials into a stable glass form that will last for thousands of years."

Pacific Northwest National Labs

 

 

Vitrification is a proven technique in the disposal and long-term storage of nuclear waste or other hazardous wastes in a method called geomelting. `

Waste is mixed with glass-forming chemicals in a furnace to form molten glass that then solidifies in canisters, thereby immobilizing the waste. The final waste form resembles obsidian and is a non-leaching, durable material that effectively traps the waste inside. The waste can be stored for relatively long periods in this form without concern for air or groundwater contamination. Bulk vitrification uses electrodes to melt soil and wastes where they lay buried. The hardened waste may then be disinterred with less danger of widespread contamination.

Vaseline Glass is a particular color of yellow-green glass that is made by adding as little as 0.1% to 0. 2% Uranium Dioxide to the ingredients when the glass formula is made.

The addition of the Uranium Dioxide makes the glass color yellow-green. Vaseline Glass is verifiable by using an ultraviolet light (blacklight) on the glass item. When this is done, the glass turns a bright florescent green!

The recipe for producing colored glass usually involves the addition of a metal to the glass.

This is often accomplished by adding some powdered oxide, sulfide, or other compound of that metal to the glass while it is molten. The table below lists some of the coloring agents of glass and the colors that they produce. Manganese dioxide and sodium nitrate are also listed. They are decoloring agents - materials that neutralize the coloring impact of impurities in the glass.

Cadmium Sulfite

Gold Chloride

Cobalt Oxide

Manganese Dioxide

Nickel Oxide

Sulfur

Chromic Oxide

Uranium Oxide

Iron Oxide

Selenium Oxide

Carbon Oxide

Antimony Oxides

Copper Compounds

Tin Compounds

Lead Compounds

Manganese Dioxide

Sodium Nitrate

Metals Used to Impart Color Glass

Yellow

Red

Blue-Violet

Purple

Violet

Yellow-Amber

Emerald Green

Fluorescent Green

Greens and Browns

Reds

Amber-Brown

White

Blue, Green, Red

White

Yellow

Decoloring Agent

Decoloring Agent

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