GLASS
"Vitrification locks dangerous materials into a stable glass form that will last for thousands of years."
Pacific Northwest National Labs
Vitrification is a proven technique in the disposal and long-term storage of nuclear waste or other hazardous wastes in a method called geomelting. `
Waste is mixed with glass-forming chemicals in a furnace to form molten glass that then solidifies in canisters, thereby immobilizing the waste. The final waste form resembles obsidian and is a non-leaching, durable material that effectively traps the waste inside. The waste can be stored for relatively long periods in this form without concern for air or groundwater contamination. Bulk vitrification uses electrodes to melt soil and wastes where they lay buried. The hardened waste may then be disinterred with less danger of widespread contamination.
Vaseline Glass is a particular color of yellow-green glass that is made by adding as little as 0.1% to 0. 2% Uranium Dioxide to the ingredients when the glass formula is made.
The addition of the Uranium Dioxide makes the glass color yellow-green. Vaseline Glass is verifiable by using an ultraviolet light (blacklight) on the glass item. When this is done, the glass turns a bright florescent green!
The recipe for producing colored glass usually involves the addition of a metal to the glass.
This is often accomplished by adding some powdered oxide, sulfide, or other compound of that metal to the glass while it is molten. The table below lists some of the coloring agents of glass and the colors that they produce. Manganese dioxide and sodium nitrate are also listed. They are decoloring agents - materials that neutralize the coloring impact of impurities in the glass.
Cadmium Sulfite
Gold Chloride
Cobalt Oxide
Manganese Dioxide
Nickel Oxide
Sulfur
Chromic Oxide
Uranium Oxide
Iron Oxide
Selenium Oxide
Carbon Oxide
Antimony Oxides
Copper Compounds
Tin Compounds
Lead Compounds
Manganese Dioxide
Sodium Nitrate
Metals Used to Impart Color Glass
Yellow
Red
Blue-Violet
Purple
Violet
Yellow-Amber
Emerald Green
Fluorescent Green
Greens and Browns
Reds
Amber-Brown
White
Blue, Green, Red
White
Yellow
Decoloring Agent
Decoloring Agent
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